Knowledge systems developed by Indigenous peoples, based on observations of the natural world and passed down through generations. Indigenous science includes both traditional knowledge and contemporary scientific work by Indigenous researchers, incorporating spiritual, ecological, and community-based perspectives on sustainability and innovation.

Indigenous science encompasses long-standing sustainable practices and knowledge systems that prioritize the health of communities and ecosystems. Integrating Indigenous science into tech development offers care-centered, ecologically responsible approaches that challenge the extractive nature of traditional high-tech industries.